Here is a compilation of some of the major trials in 2017 for ICU. 

You can see many of them in the HOT ARTICLES section of the phenomenal CriticalCareReviews.com

You can see many of them reviewed on www.TheBottomLine.org.uk as well as our partner website www.CriticalCareNorthampton.com

The references for all of these trials can be found in the various months here or via a quick google search.

We encourage you ALL to read the trials and decide for yourself - these are not individual reviews and merely summarise what the authors themselves have stated in their trial. The idea of infographics like this is, that via a quick read, you can identify some good #FOAMed articles that may peak your interest and you can explore them further. They also serve as good reminders to what goes on in a busy academic year.

Enjoy! 

PDF FILES: 
(Please print out the document without alterations - keeping the websites etc on the page)

Quite obviously, similar to most spinal anaesthetic practices. This aims to provide a aide-memoire for out of hour (and in-hour!) practices where variability in all practitioners can exist. This is only ONE guide to providing a spinal anaesthetic and obviously is not made to replace AAGBI or OAA guidelines. It is something all staff can use to remind themselves of the equipment required and order things are done in. The BNF should always be used when prescribing medication and your patient may not be suitable for NSAID's or opioids OR stipulated antibiotic regimes due to contraindication or allergies. The post-operative analgesic regime is likely to vary a lot between hospitals depending on your local practices. 

Furthermore, this does not replace the need for preparation for a general anaesthetic. You should always be mentally and procedurally prepared that the patient is going to have to emergently go to sleep for delivery.

The key aim of this document is to provide a snap-shot of information to aid staff help the anaesthetic team in siting a spinal in the safest, quickest way possible in a time-pressured situation. It can be used by everyone to raise the question of whether something on this list is needed, or has been purposefully omitted.

Anaesthetic assistants and midwifery staff should be sensitive to the needs to the anaesthetist and the procedure, as, the baby cannot come out via c-section until the spinal is in and working. With everyone working together, this can be achieved more quickly.

It allows the questions to be asked such as, "Do you want the oxytocin infusion prepared?" well before the baby comes out, because you have consulted the list of often-needed medications and it has reminded you. It also prompts early discussion with the obstetric team.

Perhaps it is not a useful infogram for seasoned practitioners, but it is certainly useful for the junior team seeking to be as thorough as possible. 

FULLSCREEN

Above is a 'cheat sheet' or, full data list for the sympathomimetics commonly encountered in medicine, particularly anaesthetics, ICU and emergency medicine. Broadly divided out into alpha, beta, dopamine agonists and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. It is key to understand the actions that each receptor causes; there is often overlap. There is a PDF above for a HD copy of the sheet.

Melatonin - considered by some to be a 'herbal myth' and others as a useful adjunct to help sleep in ICU patient and adults >55 years old. There is biological plausibility that melatonin could be a useful adjunct to aid restful and efficient sleep in those who could be deplete in melatonin. 

Overall - a meta-analysis here in 2013 showed that there was some evidence to say that it could work in some cohorts. Given its relatively safe profile, it could be useful to trial in patients with a sleep disorder. Particularly it could be of use in ICU, but, the evidence is currently out - awaiting a larger RCT. It's a cheap drug and even cheaper in the USA where it is available OTC. In patients who are restless or unable to sleep in a busy ICU, perhaps it has a role in being a first drug of choice before considering more 'heavy' sedative alternatives given it is a non-narcotic. 

The studies mentioned below are indeed rather small and a few are single-centre analyses, so we cannot say for certain whether there is true efficacy, but many practitioners would agree, it's certainly worth a go providing there are no obvious contraindications in your local formulary (primarily, not to use in patients with autoimmune conditions) and the person does not require heavy sedation for other reasons.

Outside ICU, the drug is quite popular with GP's and could even be used more frequently as a first line alternative to Z-drugs or benzodiazepines in a hospital cohort. Sleep deprivation, it will come as no surprise, is rife in hospitals - I think we can all agree, that any adjunct to promote restful sleep without being profoundly 'sedating' could be a useful drug. I look forward to seeing more definitive studies in the future.

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN
Full article here and here.

 Dr. Sergey Motov (USA Emergency Medicine) & Dr. David Lyness (UK/IRE Anaesthetics)
Originally put on this website in July 2016
​
Taken from Dr Motov's work on a CERTA regime.
This is published in conjunction with the CERTA concept explanation here. 
We can all provide superior analgesia by using medication and techniques other than just opioid medications.
This is NOT a definitive list and in all cases, local policies and protocols should be followed. Check your local formularies.
This is NOT a prescribing guideline - it is for information ONLY.

We do not dispute the role of opioids in many spheres of practice, including emergency medicine, ICU and anaesthetics, rather we wish to highlight the pandemic of high opioid and opiate use. There are many medications available to reduce the amount of opioids used.
​
You may find, when considering  your analgesia regimes that opioids are not always  the best options for emergency pain issues.
We would advocate the use of nerve blocks in the first instance to control acute pain, when feasible. 

1. Consider the use of PPI's when using NSAID drugs.
2. Caution with using NSAIDs where surgery could be imminent.

With respect to alternatives listed for non-radicular back pain, it has been brought to our attention that a new study was presented in 2017 which showed that "diazepam has no benefit when added to naproxen vs placebo" in acute low back pain. See here.

This document is for review in 2018 - so please contact us if you have anything to add!

FULLSCREEN 
​References in document below...

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

I have collaborated with Dr. Sergey Motov from New York, USA to bring a series of infographs on a great new concept of CERTA pain relief with the hope of reducing opiate use. This is the latest line in thinking about MULTI MODAL pain relief and characterises the ideas behind multiple analgesic combinations to reduce pain, reduce sedation and provide maximal analgesia to patients in acute pain. Part one below describes the MAIN concepts of CERTA. It should be food for thought to all...

Channels, Enzymes, Receptor Targeted Action!

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

See here for more information on chest X-ray VIEWS (AP/PA/Lateral etc)

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN

FULLSCREEN & LINKS

FULLSCREEN